DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT OF REPRODUCTIVE DISORDERS IN HYPOTHYROIDISM

Kazakova Dilafruz; Xayitboyeva Komila

DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT OF REPRODUCTIVE DISORDERS IN HYPOTHYROIDISM

Kazakova Dilafruz

2 nd year master’s student in endocrinology ,Urgench state medical institute, Urgench, Uzbekistan

Xayitboyeva Komila

Phd, associate professor of the department of PID and endocrinology of Urgench state medical institute, Urgench, Uzbekistan

##semicolon## hypothyroidism, reproductive disorders, infertility, menstrual dysfunction, hyperprolactinemia, levothyroxine

सार

Hypothyroidism is a common endocrine disorder that predominantly affects women of reproductive age and is closely associated with menstrual disturbances, ovulatory dysfunction, infertility, and adverse reproductive outcomes. Thyroid hormone deficiency disrupts the hypothalamic–pituitary–ovarian axis and is frequently accompanied by secondary hyperprolactinemia, further impairing reproductive function.

This study was conducted at the Khorezm branch of the Republican specialized scientific and practical medical center of endocrinology and aimed to comprehensively evaluate diagnostic approaches and treatment strategies for reproductive disorders in women with hypothyroidism. Patients were stratified into study groups based on thyroid status and reproductive function. The findings confirm that early diagnosis and optimized levothyroxine therapy significantly improve reproductive outcomes.

##submission.citations##

1. Vanderpump MPJ. The epidemiology of thyroid disease. Br Med Bull. 2011;99:39–51.

2. Taylor PN, Albrecht D, Scholz A, et al. Global epidemiology of hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism. Nat Rev Endocrinol. 2018;14(5):301–316.

3. Krassas GE, Poppe K, Glinoer D. Thyroid function and human reproductive health. Endocr Rev. 2010;31(5):702–755.

4. Doufas AG, Mastorakos G. The hypothalamic–pituitary–thyroid axis and the female reproductive system. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2000;900:65–76.

5. Poppe K, Velkeniers B. Thyroid disorders in infertile women. Ann Endocrinol (Paris). 2003;64(1):45–50.

6. Nazarpour S, Ramezani Tehrani F, Simbar M, Azizi F. Thyroid dysfunction and pregnancy outcomes. Iran J Reprod Med. 2015;13(7):387–396.

7. Sinha U, Sinharay K, Saha S, et al. Thyroid disorders and hyperprolactinemia. Indian J Endocrinol Metab. 2013;17(1):39–42.

8. Negro R, Schwartz A, Gismondi R, et al. Subclinical hypothyroidism and pregnancy outcomes. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2010;95(9):E44–E48.

9. Unuane D, Velkeniers B. Impact of subclinical hypothyroidism on fertility. Hormones (Athens). 2014;13(3):309–319.

10. De Groot L, Abalovich M, Alexander EK, et al. Management of thyroid dysfunction during pregnancy and postpartum. Thyroid. 2012;22(12):1200–1235.

11. Biondi B, Wartofsky L. Treatment with levothyroxine: current approaches. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2014;99(7):2483–2493.

12. Alexander EK, Pearce EN, Brent GA, et al. 2017 Guidelines of the American Thyroid Association for the diagnosis and management of thyroid disease during pregnancy. Thyroid. 2017;27(3):315–389